The eruption of Mount Toba is a volcanic eruption of the most powerful ever known on Planet Earth and nearly destroy generations of mankind, the eruption of a supervolcano in Indonesia this the URLs like the apocalypse in ancient times because almost destroy all mankind in his day, timing of events only a few people who survived. Awesomeness Toba eruption is very popular and is a great 3 most powerful volcano eruption on the planet and is rumored to also cover the sun for approximately 6 years.
As a result of eruptions are truly remarkable to cause Lake Toba is the largest lake in Southeast Asia and has a beautiful sight. Especially in the middle of Lake Toba on the island there is a call to the island of Samosir Batak origin is located.
Toba is a volcanic super giant volcano is an active volcano in the category of very large, estimated last erupted about 74,000 years ago.
The eruption of Mount Tambora in comparison with the all-powerful eruption of Mount Toba, the Mount Tambora is not nothing. Especially when compared to the eruption of Mount Kratakau that far behind the Mount Tambora.
So, for example eruption St. Helen in Washington, USA that erupted in 1980 have a number of eruptions on a scale of 1, then the Krakatoa volcano erupted in 1883 the scale 18, or 18 times bigger (1:18).
Eruption of Mount St. Helen, May 8, 1980
Meanwhile, when compared with the scale of Mount Tambora, eruptions St. Helen is very much due to the mountain Tambora erupted in 1815 scale 80, or 80 times larger than the eruption of St. Helen (1:80).
Moreover, if the eruption St. Helen compared with the last eruption of Toba, about 74-75 thousand years ago is very drastic magnitude scale is 2800, or 2800 times greater than the eruption of Mount St. Helen! Aka one in 2800 (1: 2800)
The eruption of Mount Tambora is the most powerful volcanic eruption ever known to human civilization
And the eruption of Krakatoa is the most powerful volcanic eruption ever recorded in the era of modern times.
While the eruption of Mount Toba completely undocumented in the book, but it looks scientific evidence in the present.
Scientific evidence
In 1939, the Dutch geologist Van Bemmelen reported, Lake Toba, which is 100 kilometers long and 30 kilometers wide, surrounded by a pumice stone relics of the eruption.
Therefore, Van Bemmelen concluded, Toba is a volcanic. Later, several other researchers discovered dust rhyolite (rhyolite) are the same age as rock Toba in Malaysia, even as far as 3,000 kilometers to the north to Central India.
Famous Yellowstone eruption is still inferior to the devastating eruption of Toba
Some oceanographers were reported to have found traces of Toba rocks in the Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal.
The early researchers, Van Bemmelen also Aldiss and Ghazali (1984) have suggested Toba eruption created through a mahadahsyat.
However, other researchers, Vestappen (1961), Yokoyama and Hehanusa (1981), and Nishimura (1984), suspected caldera was created through several eruptions.
Researchers later, Knight and his colleagues (1986) and Chesner and Rose (1991), provides a more detailed forecast: Toba caldera created through three giant eruption.
Research about Toba is not over until now. So, there are still many mysteries behind the sleeping giant. One researcher Toba It is the latest generation of Indonesian Fauzi, a seismologist at the Meteorology and Geophysics.
Bachelor physics from the University of Indonesia's 1985 graduates earned a doctorate from Renssealer Polytechnic Institute, New York, in 1998, for his research on the Toba.
Being in three tectonic plates
Location of Mount Toba (now: Lake Toba), in Indonesia is prone to disasters. This is related to the position of Indonesia, located at the confluence of three tectonic plates, the Eurasian, Indo-Australian and Pacific plates. As many as 80% of the territory of Indonesia, located on the Eurasian plate, which includes Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi and Banda.
The continental shelf life, every year they shifted or other impingement plate with a certain distance. Eurasian plate which is always a target continental plates.
Indo-Australian Plate Eurasian Plate mashing far as 5-7 cm per year
Indo-Australian Plate Eurasian Plate example mashing far as 5-7 cm per year. Or the Pacific Plate shifted relative to the Eurasian plate as far as 11 cm per year. Of the shift, there was a series of mountains, including the volcano Toba.
If there is a collision, the ocean plate containing sediment layer infiltrated beneath the continental plate. This process is then called subduction or infiltration.
Mount result of subduction, one of which Mount Toba. Although now no longer shaped mountain, remnants of eruptions still visible to this day.
Lake Toba is a caldera formed by the eruption of Mount Toba approximately three times the first 840 thousand years ago and the last 74,000 years ago.
The part that was thrown from the eruption reached an area of 100 km x 30 km square. The remaining area then form the caldera. In the center then appeared island.
Eruption
Previous Mount Toba erupted three times.
The first eruption occurred about 800 thousand years ago. This eruption resulted in the south of Lake Toba caldera, covers an area of Prapat and Porsea.
The second eruption which has a smaller force, occurred 500 thousand years ago. This eruption formed a caldera in the north of Lake Toba. Precisely in the area between Silalahi with Haranggaol. Of the two eruptions, the eruption ketigalah most powerful.
The third eruption 74,000 years ago produced the caldera, and into Lake Toba Samosir Island is now the middle.
Mount Toba supervolcano is classified. This is because Mount Toba has a large magma chamber that if a large caldera erupted once. Caldera volcano hundreds of meters, whereas the Supervolacano tens of kilometers.
Looks mountain scenery Toba caldera which is now called Lake Toba and Samosir island in the middle there is formed due to style up-lifting (removal). This is what led to the emergence of the island.
What is interesting is the gravity anomaly in Toba. According to the law of gravity, from one place to the other will have the same gravity when having a mass, and the relativity of the same height.
If there are other materials that are there with different masses, then its a different style. Imagine the mountain erupted.
Many of the material runs out, the mass loss and reduced its force. Then what happens up-lifting (removal). This is what led to the emergence of the island.
Magma beneath it kept pushing upwards, slowly. He had no power to erupt. This movement seeks to adjust to normal gravity.
It happened in the period of thousands of years. Naidoo only raised because the area was the weakest. While other areas of the caldera wall.
While the ancestors of modern humans, Homo sapiens, began to appear and stay in Africa 150000-200000 years ago. They began to migrate out of Africa 70,000 years ago and spread throughout the world. At approximately the same period, 74,000 years ago, there was a massive eruption of Mount Toba.
When linked with the Toba eruption, the findings also indicate that our ancestors were able to survive the catastrophe that could potentially destroy life.
Survival scenario is supported by evidence of a track record in the area of DNA in populations Wallacea which showed a mixture of genes with a population of Greater Sunda region (which is now known as South-East Asia).
In addition, there are fossils and relics of ancient humans in Gua Niah, Sarawak. Of age, Niah findings indicate that humans are not destroyed by the eruption of the Toba.
Scientists strongly believe that all supervolcano in the world, including Mount Toba definitely will erupt again. But no one can ensure accurate when erupt again. That there are only estimates.
The explosion could happen tomorrow or thousands of years. Which is clearly a moment Toba lake created by the result of the eruption of Mount Toba definitely will erupt again.
Toba Now
Lake Toba is an amazing natural wonders on the island of Sumatra. It is hard to imagine a more beautiful place to visit in North Sumatra in addition to this lake. The atmosphere is cool refreshing, clear water expanse of blue, green mountains and stunning scenery is a small part of the image of a giant lake located 900 meters above the sea level.
Lake Toba is a lake cratered area of 1,145 square kilometers. In the middle of an island with an area dwells almost proportional to the area of Singapore. Lake Toba is actually more like an ocean than a lake considering its size. Therefore, Lake Toba is placed as the largest lake in Southeast Asia and the second largest in the world after Lake Victoria in Africa. Lake Toba also includes the deepest lake in the world is approximately 450 meters.
Samosir Island
Samosir Island is an island that is unique because it is a volcanic island in the middle of Lake Toba. The altitude of 1,000 meters above sea level. Although it has become a tourist destination for a long time, Naidoo is the unspoiled natural beauty. Samosir Island in the middle of this there are still two beautiful lake named Lake and Lake Aek Sidihoni Natonang. The area around Lake Toba has pine forests are arranged beautiful. On the outskirts of Lake Toba there are some seriously stunning waterfalls. Around Lake Toba you will also find belarang water baths.
Samosir Island you can also find misty mountains, crystal clear waterfalls to swim, and farming communities. Batak society friendliness will captivate you because wherever you go then immediately can find new friends.
In Parapat which is a peninsula that protrudes into the lake you can enjoy a spectacular view of Lake Toba. Parapat inhabited and Batak Toba Batak society Simalungan known to possess a cheerful and sociable, well-known also happy to sing songs about love that carefree yet soulful.
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